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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATION
Special Note Regarding
Forward-Looking Statements
This Annual Report contains certain statements that are forward-looking
statements within the meaning of the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including, but not limited
to the following: the third paragraph under Critical
Accounting Estimates on page 16; the second paragraph
under Liquidity and Capital Resources on page 21; under the
subheadings Restatement and Stock-Based
Compensation in Note 1 Summary of Significant
Accounting Policies on pages 28 and 29; in the second
paragraph of Note 10 Employee Stock Plans and Equity
on page 35; and in the first and third paragraphs of Note
14 Commitments and Contingent Liabilities on page
42. In some cases, you can identify these statements and other
forward-looking statements in this filing by words such as
may, will, expect, anticipate,
believe, estimate, plan,
intend, continue, or similar words.
You should read these statements carefully because they contain
projections of our future results of operations or financial
condition, or state other forward-looking information.
A number of risks and uncertainties exist which could cause
actual results to differ materially from the results reflected
in these forward-looking statements. Such factors include,
but are not limited to our continued ability to recruit and
retain highly qualified associates, outcomes of litigation,
a significant decrease in the demand for the consulting services
we offer as a result of changing economic conditions or other
factors, actions by competitors offering human resources consulting
services, including public accounting and consulting firms,
technology consulting firms and Internet/intranet development
firms, regulatory, legislative and technological developments
that may affect the demand for or costs of our services and
other factors discussed under risk factors in
our prospectus dated June 21, 2001, which is filed with the
SEC and may be accessed via EDGAR on the SECs web site
at www.sec.gov. These statements are based on assumptions
that may not come true. All forward-looking disclosure is
speculative by its nature. The Company undertakes no obligation
to update any of the forward-looking information included
in this report, whether as a result of new information, future
events, changed expectations or otherwise.
Overview
Watson Wyatt is a global provider of human capital consulting services. We provide services in three principal practice areas: Benefits, eHR and Human Capital consulting. We operate from 61 offices in 18 countries throughout North America, Asia-Pacific and Latin America. We also operate through our affiliates in Europe. Our principal affiliates are Watson Wyatt LLP which conducts operations in the United Kingdom and Ireland, and in which we hold a 10% interest in a defined distribution pool, and are a member of their partnership board, and Watson Wyatt & Company Holdings (Europe) Limited, a holding company through which we conduct Continental European operations. We own 25% of Watson Wyatt & Company Holdings (Europe) Limited and Watson Wyatt LLP owns the remaining 75%.
We operate globally as an alliance with our affiliates. However, the revenues and operating expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations reflect solely the results of operations of Watson Wyatt. Our share of the results of our affiliates, recorded using the equity method of accounting, is reflected in the Income from affiliates line.
We derive substantially all of our revenue from fees for consulting services, which generally are billed at standard hourly rates or on a fixed-fee basis; management believes the approximate percentages are 60% and 40%, respectively. Clients are typically invoiced on a monthly basis with revenue recognized as services are performed. For the most recent three fiscal years, revenue from U.S. consulting operations have comprised approximately 80% of consolidated revenue. No single client accounted for more than 4% of our consolidated revenue for any of the most recent three fiscal years.
In delivering consulting services, our principal direct expenses relate to compensation of personnel. Salaries and employee benefits are comprised of wages paid to associates, related taxes, benefit expenses such as pension, medical and insurance costs and fiscal year-end incentive bonuses. In addition, professional and subcontracted services include client reimbursed travel and other costs specifically billable to clients, as well as fees paid to external service providers for independent contractors, promotion expenses and other services. Approximately 50% of professional and subcontracted services are reimbursed by our clients and included in revenue.
Occupancy, communications and other expenses represent expenses for rent, utilities, supplies and telephone to operate office locations, as well as non-client-reimbursed travel by associates, publications and professional development. General and administrative expenses include the operational costs and professional fees paid by corporate management, general counsel, marketing, human resources, finance, research and technology support.
Historically, we have paid incentive bonuses to associates under a fiscal year-end bonus program. In fiscal years 1999 and 2000, in addition to annual fiscal year-end bonuses, we provided supplemental bonus compensation to our associate stockholders pursuant to our stock incentive bonus plan in an amount representing all income in excess of targeted performance. The supplemental bonus compensation pursuant to our stock incentive bonus plan accrued in fiscal year 1999 and fiscal year 2000 was paid in January 2000 and 2001, respectively. We terminated the stock incentive bonus plan in conjunction with our initial public offering in October 2000 and replaced it with equity-based incentives.
In conjunction with the Companys review of its overhead
cost structure in the second quarter of fiscal year 2002,
the Company examined the classification of its operating expenses.
This review included the identification and evaluation of
the costs that comprise general and administrative expenses.
Prior to the second quarter of fiscal year 2002, expenses
associated with and incurred by various associates from our
practice groups (the Practice Support Team), for
the centralized development of practice-specific tools and
services, were included in general and administrative expenses.
The costs associated with the Practice Support Team are mainly
comprised of the salaries and employee benefits and professional
services expenses incurred by the associates on this team.
As a result of our review, in the second quarter of fiscal
year 2002, we reclassified the Practice Support Teams
expenses from the beginning of fiscal year 1998 through the
first quarter of fiscal year 2002 as components of salaries
and employee benefits, professional and subcontracted services
and occupancy, communications and other expenses. These expenses
were previously included as a component of general and administrative
expenses and represent less than 2.5% of total operating expenses
and revenue for each of the five years in the period ended
June 30, 2002. Revenue, income from operations, income before
income taxes and net income were unaffected by this reclassification.
For more information on the Companys reclassification of our Practice Support Teams expenses, refer to the Companys Form 8-K filed on January 24, 2002.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Our estimates, judgements and assumptions are continually evaluated based on available information and experience. Because of the use of estimates inherent in the financial reporting process, actual results could differ from those estimates. We have reviewed the accounting estimates recognized in our financial statements and have determined that the accounting for our pension plans utilizes assumptions that are highly uncertain and can have a material impact on the presentation of the Companys financial condition.
Pension Assumptions. We sponsor
both qualified and non-qualified, non-contributory defined
benefit pension plans covering substantially all of our associates.
Under our principal plans (U.S., Canada and Hong Kong), benefits
are based on the number of years of service and the associates
compensation during the three highest paid consecutive years
of service.
Determination of our obligations and annual expense under each of the plans is based on a number of assumptions that, given the longevity of the plans, are long-term in their focus. A change in one or a combination of these assumptions could have a material impact on our pension benefit obligation and related expense. For this reason, management employs a long-term view so that assumptions do not change frequently in response to volatility of the economy in the short-term. The Company recognizes that actual returns on investments in fiscal year 2002 are lower than our long-term expected rate of return. However, given our historical investment returns, which have approximated 14% over the past 20 years, and the long-term view of the plan, we anticipate the plans will realize the expected rate of return.
We consider several factors when determining the appropriate level of each assumption, including economic forecasts, historical trends, portfolio composition and peer comparisons. Assumptions used in the valuation for our U.S. plan, which comprises the majority of the principal defined benefit pension plans obligations and investments, included the following over the past three fiscal years:
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